Steam generator



Ja 1 19 1- J. P. BADENHAUSEN STEAM GENERATOR Filed June 16, 1959 2Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

Jan. 14, 1941. J. P. BADENHAUSEN STEAM GENERATOR Filed June 16, 1939 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 14, 1941 PATENT OFFICE STEAM GENERATOR JohnPhillips Badcnhausen, Philadelphia, Pa, aa-

signor of one-half to Day and Zimmermann,

Incorporated, of Maryland Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation ApplicationJune 16, 1939, Serial No. 279,475

14 Claims.

This invention relates to steam generators and more particularly to atype of steam generator which is simple in construction and which isadaptable for the burning of combustible fuels of various kinds.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a steamgenerator which will have a rapid circulation and which will be emcientin its steam generating action.

It is afurther object of the present invention to provide a steamgenerator which may be operated at a high efiiciency over a wide rangeof loads.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a steamgenerator which includes an integral economizer section for obtainingimproved steam generation.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a steamgenerator in which the quantity of water for steam generation isrelatively small so that variation in the water level with change ofpressure is reduced to a minimum.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improvedlow head type of steam generating unit.

Other objects of the present invention will be apparent from the annexedspecification and claims.

The nature and characteristic features of the invention will be morereadily understood from the following description taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical central sectional view taken from front to rearof a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken approximately on the line2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken approximately on the line 33of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view similar to Fig. 3 and illustrativeof a modified form of the invention.

It will, of course, be understood that the. description and drawingsherein contained are illustrative merely, and that various modificationsand changes may be made in the structure disclosed without departingfrom the spirit of the invention.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings inwhich a preferred embodiment of the steam generator of the presentinvention is illustrated, a front. wall I0 is provided which has,preferably about midway between the top and bottom thereof, a suitableaperture II in which the burner nozzle (not shown) for pulverizedcoal,oil, or other suitable fuel material is mounted. Side walls l2 and IIare provided which extend upwardly from a fioor I4, and inclined upperside wall sections l5 preferably con- 5 nect the upper portions of theside walls l2 and lit with generally horizontally disposed top wallportions IS. The top wall portions l6 are preferably connected by acurved top wall portion H.

An upper steam and water drum I8 is provided 10 and is disposed at rightangles to the front wall In, generally parallel to the side walls I2 andi3 and preferably extends forwardly to and beyond the front wall l0 uponwhich it rests at the front.

provided near the rear end of the steam and water drum l8 and extendsfrom the floor H to a location adjacent but spaced from the steam andwater drum l8 and from the upper wall portions 20 I5 and the top wallportions 18 and I'l The space in front of the bafiie member 20 is themain combustion space of the steam generator. To the rear of the baffle20 a downwardly extending baille 2| is provided which extends from thesteam 8 floor l4 and preferably being spaced at the top 35 thereof fromthe steam and water drum IS, the upper wall portions l5,'and the topwall portions It to provide a space around which the gases may pass, ashereinafter referred to. An upward pass is thus provided between thebattle H and the 4 At the rear end of the top wall portions IS, theupper wall portions l5 and the side walls l2 and IS, a downwardlyextending bafile or rear wall 24 is provided. This baiile 24 extendstoward but is spaced from the floor ll for purposes hereinafter morefully referred to and provides with the baiile 22 a downward pass. Thesteam and water drum- 18 preferably terminates short of the rear battlemember 24.

A lower header 25 is provided intermediate the side walls l2 and I3 andis preferably horizontally disposed below the steam and water drum I8and extends parallel thereto. A plurality of banks of steam generatingtubes connect the header 2! 18 An upwardly extending rear baflle member20 is with the steam and water drum I8, as hereinafter more fullypointed out.

A bank of downcomer tubes 28 is preferably provided outside the frontwall I8 of thesteam generator for connecting the steam and water drum I8with the header 25.

Banks of riser tubes 21 and 28 are provided on each side, respectively,of the steam generator, the tubes of these banks preferably extendingfrom the header 25 upwardly and outwardly to the side walls I2 and I3,respectively, then upwardly along the side walls I2 and I3, and inwardlyalong the inclined upper wall portions I5 and the top wall portions I6to the steam and water drum I8. The tubes of the banks of tubes 2! and28 are preferably staggered at their place of connection to the header25 and to the drum I8 so that the tubes may be closely disposed withoutsacrifice of strength at the place of connection.

A bank of tubes 29 is also preferably provided on the inside of thefront wall I8 and the tubes thereof preferably extend from the header 25outwardly and then upwardly along the front wall I8 and then to thesteam and water drum I8.

The upwardly extending bafile member 28 which forms the rear of thecombustion space is preferably provided with a bank of tubes 38 alongthe front side thereof, and another bank of tubes 3| is provided alongthe rear side thereof, the tubes of these banks 38 and 3I preferablybeing partially embedded within the baflle 28 and assisting in thesupport of the baflle 28.

In the pass provided between the upwardly extending baiile 28 andthedownwardly extending baflie 2|, banks of tubes 34 and 35,substantially similar to the banks 21 and 28 for lining the side wallsI2 and I3 thereof are preferably provided.

A bank of tubes 36 is also preferably provided along the baffle member2|; and the space or pass between the upwardly extending baflle member28 and the downwardly extending baiiie member 2I and the side walls I2and I3 preferably has spaced tubes 33 therein extending from the lowerheader 25 to the upper steam and water drum I8.

In the pass between the downwardly extending baflle member 2I and theupwardly extending baflle member 22 a superheater is preferablyprovided. The superheater may be of any preferred type and may beconnected to the steam and water drum in any desired manner, but in theform shown preferably includes a pair of headers 38 and 39. The header38 is preferably connected to the stream and water drum I8 by a pipe 31which in turn is connected to a collector tube 3'I having a plurality ofslots or saw cuts 31 for admitting steam thereto. Suitable banks ofsubstantially horizontally disposed superheater tubes 48 extend betweenthe headers 38 and 39 and are disposed across the space toward the sidewall I3. The superheater headers 38 and 39 are preferably verticallydisposed in the side wall I2 of the steam generator.

In the space or pass between the upwardly extending bafl'ie member 22and the rearmost downwardly extending baflle member 24 an economizersection of the steam generator is preferably provided. The economizermay be of any preferred type, but in the form shown spaced economizerheaders 42 and 43 are vertically disposed in the side wall I2 with banksof economizer tubes 44 connected therebetween.

The economizer section is preferably constructed in accordance with thedisclosure of the prior application of J. H. Rohrer, filed March 8,1939, Serial No. 260,532.

The uppermost tubes 45 pf the economizer section are preferablyconnected to the rear end portion of the steam and water drum I8 at alocation to the rear of the rear baflle member 28.

An air preheater 48 is also preferably provided, the upper end of whichmay be connected by the duct 41 to a suitable source of draft. The airpreheater 46 preferably has air supplied to the air inlet 48 by a forceddraft fan shown at 48 and the air preheated in the air preheater 48 issupplied from the air outlet 58 by means of a duct 5| and a duct 52 to asuitable front wall duct 53 from which it is delivered at the fuel inletaperture II. A pair of inclined walls 55 are provided which extend fromthe floor I4 to the lower header 25 for supporting the same. The spacesbetween the banks of tubes 21 and 28 will permit the discharge of ash atthe lower portions of these banks, if pulverized coal or other ashbearing fuel is burned downwardly between the tubes and into the spacesabove the bottom floor I4.

Clean-out doors 56 arepreferabiy provided at the lower part of thecombustion space and preferably in the front wall I8 for removing ashdepositing on the floor I4. A clean-out door 51 is also preferablyprovided in the side wall I3 for removing any ash which is carried overfrom the combustion chamber, and a clean-out door 58 is also preferablyprovided in the side wall I3 for removing any ash carried over beyondthe economizer section.

' In the modified form of the invention as illustrated in Fig. 4, inplace of the single lower header as illustrated in Fig. 3, two lowerheaders 25 are provided adjacent the lower part of the side walls I2 andI3. The headers 25' may have a grate or stoker, illustrateddiagrammatically at 59, extending therebetween.

The banks of tubes extending between the headers 25 and the steam andwater drum I8 are substantiallythe same as the banks of tubesillustrated in the form of the invention previously described, but aredistributed between the two headers 25. I

In the form of the invention as illustrated in Fig. 4, the bank tubes 21on one side of the center connect the header 25 along the side wall I2to the steam and water drum I8, and the bank of tubes 28 on the otherside of the center connect the header '25 along the side wall I2 to thesteam and water drum I8. Similarly, also, the tubes 38 in front of thebaflle 28 on one side extend from the lower header 25 along the wall I2,and on the other side extend from the lower header 25 along the wall I3to the steam and water drum I8.

The tubes 33 in the pass immediately to the rear of the baiile 28 arealso connected respectively from the headers 25 to the steam and waterdrum I8.

The mode of operation of the steam generator of the present inventionwill be apparent from the foregoing. It may be pointed out, however,that the major portion of the combustion of the combustible materialsintroduced at the burner (not shown) in the burner aperture occurs inthe combustion space between the, front wall I8 and the battle 28. Thebanks of tubes 21 and 28 along the side walls I2 and I3 and extending tothe steam and water drum I8 furnish a large surface for rapid andeffective steam generation. Any ash which is present with the fuel willfall to the bottom of the combustion space and between the spacesprovided between the tubes of the banks and 38. The hot gases will thenpass upwardly in the pass between the ballie 2| and the baffle 22 and incontact with the superheater tubes 40 for .superheating the steamtherein by convection.

The combustion gases will then pass around the upperend of the bafiie 22and downwardly in the pass provided between the baffle 22 and the baflle24 and in contact with the tubes 44 of the economizer section where afurther portion of their heat will be given up. The combustion gaseswill then pass upwardly through the air heater 46 for preheating the airfor combustion supplied by the forced draft fan 49 through the air inlet48, and the combustion gases will then be drawn off or pass off to thestack ,(not shown) through the duct 41.

I claim:

1. In a steam generator, a front wall having a fuel inlet opening,spaced side walls, an upper steam and water drum extending from front torear and parallel to said side walls, a horizontal lower water headerarranged intermediate the side walls at the lower part thereof andvertically below said steam and water drum, tubes extending between saidheader and said steam and water drum along said front wall, riser tubesextending from the lower header to the steam and water drum and lining,the side walls. a bame adjacent the rear end of the steam and water drumand providing the rear boundary of the combustion space, additionalbaiiies adjacent the rear end of said steam and water drum and to therear of said first mentioned bame, banks of tubes extending between saidheader and said steam and water drum in the spaces between saidadditional baiiles.

2. In a steam generator, a front-wall having a fuel inlet opening,spaced side walls, an upper steam and water drum extending from thefront wall and parallel to the side walls, a lower water header arrangedintermediate theside walls at the lower part thereof and verticallybelow the steam and water drum, tubes extending between said header andsaid steam and water drum along said front wall, riser tubes extendingfrom the lower header to the steam and water drum and lining the sidewalls, an upwardly extending baflie adjacent the rear end of the steamand water drum and providing the rear boundary of the combustion space,bailies to the rear of said first mentioned bailie providing a pluralityof passes, and additional steam generating tubes extending to said steamand water drum in the spaces between said baflles.

3. In a steam generator, a front wall having a fuel inlet opening,spaced side walls, an upper steam and water drum extending from front torear and parallel to said side walls, a lower water header disposedsubstantially parallel to the steam and water drum, tubes extendingbetween said header and said steam and water drum along said front wall,closely spaced tubes lining the side walls and extending to said steamand water drum, said tubes being connected to said steam and steamgenerating'tubes in the spaces between said baflles and connected tosaid steam and. a

water drum.

4. In a steam generator, a front wall having a fuel inlet opening,spaced side walls, a top wall portion, an upper steam and water drum insaid top wall portion extending from the front wall generally parallelto the side walls, a lower water header arranged intermediate the sidewalls at the lower part thereof and substantially parallel to the steamand water drum, tubes extending between said header and said steam andwater drum along the inner side of the front wall, steam generatingtubes extending from the lower header to the steam and water drum andlining the side walls, said tubs being spaced to permit ash to falltherebetween at the lower portions of the tubes and an upwardlyextending baffle adjacent the rear end of the steam and water drum andproviding the rear wall of the combustion space.

5. ma steam generator, a front wall having a fuel inlet opening, spacedside walls, a top wall portion, an upper steam and water drum in saidtop wall portion extending from the front wall generally parallel to theside walls, a lower water header arranged intermediate the side walls atthe lower part thereof and substantially parallel to the steamand waterdrum, tubes extending between said header and said steam and water drumalong the inner side of the front wall, steam generating tubes extendingfrom the lower header to the steam and water drum and lining the sidewalls, said tubes being spaced and being connected to said header instaggered relationship and a bailie'adjacent the rear end of the steamand baflle and extending from said header to said steam and water drum.

6. In asteam generator, a front wall having a fuel inlet opening, sidewalls, a top wall portion, an upper steam and water drum in said topwall portion extending from the front wall generally parallel to theside walls, a lower water header arranged intermediate the side walls atthe lower part thereof and substantially parallel to the steam and waterdrum, tubes extending between said header and said steam and water drumalong the inner side of the front wall, steam generating tubes extendingfrom the lower header to the steam and water drum and lining the sidewalls, said tubes being spaced at the lower portions thereof, a bafiieadjacent the rear end of the steam and water drum and providing the rearwall of the combustion space, a baliie adjacent the rear end of saidsteam and water drum and to the rear of said first mentioned baflle, andtubes extending from said header to said steam and water drum in thespace between said bailles.

'7. In a steam generator, a front wall having a fuel inlet opening, sidewalls, a top wall portion,

an upper steam and water drum in said top wall portion extendinggenerally parallel to the side the side walls at the lower part thereofand substantially parallel to the steam and water drum, tubes extendingbetween said header and said steam and water drum along the inner sideof the front wall, steam generating tubes extending from the lowerheader to the steam and water drum and lining the side walls, said tubesbeing spaced at the lower portions thereof and connected to said headerin staggered relationship, a baifle adjacent the rear end of the steamand water drum and providing the rear wall of the combustion space, abaflle adjacent the rear end of said steam and water drum and to therear of said first mentioned bailie, tubes extending from said header tosaid steam and water drum in the spacebetween said baflles, additionalbattles to the rear of said other baflles providing an economizer space,and an economizer in said economizer space connected to said steam andwater drum.

8. In a steam generator, a front wall having a fuel inlet opening, sidewalls, a top wall portion, an upper steam and water drum extending alongsaid top wall portion from the front wall generally parallel to the sidewalls, a lower water header arranged intermediate the side walls at thelower part thereof and substantially parallel to the steam and waterdrum, tubes extending between said header and said steam and water drumalong the inner side of the front wall, steam generating tubes extendingfrom the lower header to the steam and water drum and lining the sidewalls, said tubes being connected to said drum and to said header instaggered relationship, an upwardly extending baflie adjacent the rearend of the steam and water drum and providing the rear wall 'of thecombustion space, tubes extending to said steam and water drum along oneside of said baflie, a downwardly extending bailie adjacent the rear endof said steam and water drum and to the rear of said first mentionedbaille, tubes extending from said header to said steam and water drum inthe space between said baflles, additional baflles to the rear of saidother baffles providing an economizer space, and an economizer in saideconomizer space consisting of a plurality of tubes connected at the topthereof to said steam and water drum.

9. In a steam generator, a front wall having a fuel inlet opening, sidewalls, a top wall portion, an upper steam and water drum extending alongsaid top wall portion from the front wall generally parallel to the sidewalls, a lower water header arranged intermediate the side walls at thelower part thereof and substantially parallel to the steam and waterdrum, tubes extending between said header and said steam and water drumalong the inner side of the front wall, steam generating tubes extendingfrom the lower header to the steam and water drum and lining the sidewalls, said tubes being connected to said drum and to said header instaggeredrelationship, an upwardly extending baflle adjacent the rearend of the steam and water drum and providing the rear wall of thecombustion space, tubes extending to said steam and water drum alongeach side of said baflle, a downwardly extending baflle adjacent therear end of said steam and water drum and to the rear of said firstmentioned bafile, tubes extending from said header to said steam andwater drum in the space between said baflles, additional baiiies to therear of saidother baflles providing an economizer space, and aneconomizer in said economizer space consisting of a plurality ofsubstantially horizontal tubes extending from one of said side walls andconnected at the top thereof to said steam and water drum.

10. In a steam generator, a front wall, side walls, a top wall portion,an upper steam and water drum along said top wall portion extending fromthe front wall generally parallel to the side walls, a pair of spacedlower water headers arranged horizontally along the side walls at thelower part thereof and substantially parallel to the steam and waterdrum, tubes extending between said headers and said steam and water drumalong the inner side of the front wall, steam generating tubes extendingfrom each of said lower headers to the steam and water drum andrespectively lining the side walls, an upwardly extending bame adjacentthe rear end of the steam and water drum and providing the rear wall ofthe combustion space, tubes extending from said lower water headers tosaid steam and water drum along each side of said battle, a downwardlyextending baflle adjacent the rear end of said steam and water drum andto the rear of said first mentioned bafile, tubes extending from saidheaders to said steam and water drum in the space between said baffles,additional baiiles to the rear of said other bailles providing aneconomizer space, and an economizer in said economizer space consistingof a plurality of tubes connected at the top thereof to said steam andwater drum.

11. In a steam generator, a front wall, spaced side walls, an uppersteam and water drum extending from the front wall and parallel to theside walls, lower water header means extending rearwardly from saidfront wall below said steam and water drum and disposed substantiallyparallel to said drum, riser tubes extending from the header means tothe steam and water drum and lining the side walls, a baflle adjacentthe rear end of the steam and water drum and providing the rear boundaryof the combustion space, steam generating tubes extending from saidheader means to said steam and water drum and along at least one face ofsaid baiiie, a bailie adjacent the rear end of said steam and water drumand to the rear of said first mentioned baflie, and spaced tubesextending from said header means to said steam and water drum and in thespace between said baffles.

12. In a steam generator; a front wall, spaced side walls, an uppersteam and water drum extending from the front wall and parallel to theside walls, lower water header means extending rearwardly from saidfront wall below said steam and water drum, and disposed substantiallyparallel to said steam and water drum, riser tubes extending from theheader means to the steam and water drum and lining the side walls, abaiiie adjacent the rear end of the steam and water drum and providingthe rear boundary of the combustion space, steam generating tubesextending from said lower water header means to said steam and waterdrum and along each face of said baffle, a baflie adjacent the rear endof said steam and water drum and to the rear of said first mentionedbaiiie, spaced tubes extending from said header means to said steam andwater drum and disposed in the space between said baflies, additionalbattles to the rear of said other battles providing an economizer space,and an economizer in said economizer space below and connected to saidsteam and water drum.

13. In a steam generator, a front wall, spaced side walls, a top wallportion, an upper steam and water drum in said top wall portionextending from the front wall and parallel to the side walls, lowerwater header means extending rearwardly from said front wall below saidsteam and water drum, said means comprising a pair of spaced headersarranged along the side walls at the lower part thereof andsubstantially parallel to the steam and water drum, riser tubesextending from said headers to the steam and water drum and lining therespective side walls, a baflle adjacent the rear end of the steam andwater drum and providing the rear boundary of the combustion space,steam generating tubes extending from said headers to said steam andwater drum and disposed along at least one face of said baflie.

14. In a steam generator, a front wall, spaced side walls, a top wallportion, an upper steam and water drum in said top wall portionextending from the front wall and parallel to the side walls, lowerwater header means extending rearwardly from said front wall below saidsteam and water drum, said header means comprising a pair of spacedheaders arranged along the side walls at the lower part thereof andsubstantially parallel to the steam and water drum, tubes extendingbetween said headers and said steam and water drumalong the inner sideof the fiont wall, steam generating tubes extending from each of saidlower headers to the steam and water drum and respectively lining theside walls, an upwardly extending baflle adjacent the rear end of thesteam and water drum and providing the rear wall of the combustionspace, steam generating tubes extending upwardly from said lower headersto said steam and water drum and along the faces of said baflle, adownwardly extending baffle adjacent the rear end of said steam andwater drum and to the rear of said first mentioned baflle, and spacedtubes extending from said headers to said steam and water drum anddisposed in the space between said baflies.

JOHN PHILLIPS BADENHAUSEN.

